sudo chown root file.txt, change the owner of file.txt to the root user.sudo chown root:root file.txt, change the owner and group of file.txt to root.sudo chown :staff file.txt, change the group of file.txt to the staff group.sudo chown -R root:root /var/www, change the owner and group of all files and directories under /var/www to root.sudo chown -h root file.txt, fix the owner of the file pointed to by the symbolic link file.txt to root.Note: the sudo in the command line code means to execute the command with administrator privileges.