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cat

The cat command is a standard command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that is used to connect files and print them to the standard output device. It is commonly used for operations such as outputting file contents, merging files, and creating new files.

Display file contents

Concat file contents and write to another file

Concat file contents and append to the end of another file

Example

  • cat file1.txt file2.txt Merge two files
  • cat file.txt > newfile.txt Copy the content of file file.txt to a new file newfile.txt
  • cat > newfile.txt Create a new file newfile.txt and enter text. Press Ctrl+D to save and exit.
  • cat -n file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and display line numbers before each line
  • cat -v file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and display non-printable characters
  • cat -T file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and display TAB characters as ^I
  • cat -s file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and display consecutive blank lines as one blank line
  • cat -E file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and display $ at the end of each line
  • cat -u file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and disable output buffering
  • cat -b file.txt Display the content of file file.txt and number non-blank output lines, do not number blank output lines
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